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宾语从句用法总结(合集5篇)

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导读 2、宾语从句前置时。如: Whether this is true, I can't say.The question is whether he can do it. (表语从句)三、if或whether引导宾语从句时,要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态。

宾语从句用法总结 第1篇

通常引导陈述句的。引导词是“that”。

引导一般疑问句的引导词是“if”和“whether”。

引导特殊疑问句的引导词则是众多的特殊疑问代词或疑问副词, what who when 等。

Eg: He asked me if (whether) I was a teacher.

直接引语变成宾语从句。

直接引语:直接引用别人说的话。

间接引语:转达别人说的话。

直接引语变成宾语从句,如果冒号,引号里是陈述句形式,要用“that”引导,同时从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,地点状语等都要发生相应的变化。

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宾语从句用法总结 第2篇

that引导表示陈述句的'宾语从句,if和whether,whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。

连接代词

连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。

连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述。

连接副词

连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。

宾语从句用法总结 第3篇

考点聚焦

一、什么是宾语从句

在句中充当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可作介词的宾语。

二、宾语从句的引导词

1、that 无实意,用来引导陈述句的宾语从句,口语中常省略。例如:

She told me that she had been to Hong Kong twice.

她告诉我她去过香港两次。

I know(that)the visitors are from Australia.我知道这些游客来自澳大利亚。

2、if或whether这两个词是“是否”的意思,主要用来引导一般疑问句或选择问句的宾语从句,口语中多用if,不能省略。例如:

He asked me if / whether I had been to Beijing twice.

他问我是否去过北京两次。

She wanted to know whether I would go there or not.

她想知道我是否想去那里。

3、疑问词when ,where,who,how等,这类词通常引导特殊疑问句的宾语从句。例如:

Can you tell me how I can find Mr Wang?

你能告诉我怎样才能找到xxx先生吗?

Please find out who broke the window.请查一下是谁打烂窗户的。

三、宾语从句的语序

凡是从句都必须使用“主语在前,谓语在后”的陈述语序,宾语从句也不例外,也就是说宾语从句的语序必须是“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”。例如:

误:Could you tell me where is the bus station?

正:Could you tell me where the bus station is?

四、宾语从句的时态一致

1、当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候,从句可以根据需要选择相应的时态,不受主句的影响;主句为一般过去时,从句要用相应的过去时态。例如:

I want to know what time he ate his breakfast.

我想知道他今天早晨几点钟吃早饭的。

They will tell us that they have been able to look after themselves.

他们将会告诉我们他们已经能照顾自己了。

I asked what my father was doing then.

我问那时我爸爸在干什么?

2、当宾语从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象是,宾语从句的时态不受主句的时态的影响,仍然用一般现在时。如:

He said the moon moves round the earth.

他说月亮围着地球转。

She asked whether light travels faster than sound.

她问光速是否比声速快。

五、宾语从句的简化

由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中的主语与主句的主语或宾语相同时常常可以将宾语从句简化成“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”这种结构。有时候由that引导的宾语从句也可以用动词不定式或者动词的ing形式来简化。如:

Can you tell me how I can get to the post office?

= Can you tell me how to get to the post office?

She don’t know whether she should go there with them or not.

= She don’t know whether to go there with them or not.

He can remember that he has climbed the tall tree.

= He can remember climbing the tall tree.

六、宾语从句的否定转移及其它

1、当I think/believe/guess等一些看法的词后面所接的宾语从句是否定句时,习惯上否定主句,采用“I don’t think/believe/guess+肯定形式的宾语从句”这种结构来表达。如:

我认为明天她不会来。

误:I think that she won’t come tomorrow.

正:I don’t think that she will come tomorrow.

2、对I think/believe/guess等动词后面所接的宾语从句进行划线部分提问时,要用“疑问词+do you think /believe/guess+宾语从句的剩余成分?”这种结构来表达。如:

你认为谁将在会上发言?

误:Do you think who will speak at the meeting?

正:Who do you think will speak at the meeting?

宾语从句用法总结 第4篇

if和whether用法:

一、if和whether都可译为“是否”,二者引导宾语从句时通常可以互相替换,口语中多用if代替whether。例如:Ask if/whether he plans to come to the meeting. 而以下几种情况中, 只能用whether:

1、强调两方面的选择,特别是句中有or not时。如: Let me know whether you can come or not.

2、宾语从句前置时。如: Whether this is true, I can't say.

3、引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。如: Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. (主语从句)

The question is whether he can do it. (表语从句)

The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once. (同位语从句)

4、在介词之后作介词的宾语时。如: I haven't settled the question of whether I'll go back home.

5、在不定式前与不定式一起组成词组时。如: Whether to go or stay is still a question.

6、在discuss, decide 等动词后作宾语时。如: We discussed whether we should go there by plane.

二、if或whether引导宾语从句时,作“是否”讲,常放在动词ask 、see 、say 、know和find out等后面。一般情况下,两者常可换用,在口语中多用if。如:

例1 Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否下雨。

例2 Lucy asked whether (if) they had a cotton sweater .露西问他们是否有棉制的羊毛衣。

三、if或whether引导宾语从句时,要注意三个方面,即连词、语序和时态。

1、if或whether不能和that 或其它连词(副词)同时使用,也不能省去。如:

例3我不知道他今天是否会来。

[误] I don’t know that if(whether) he will come here today .

[正] I don’t know if(whether) he will come here today .

例4他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。

[误] He came to see what if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .

[正] He came to see if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .

2、if或whether引导的宾语从句时,虽具有疑问意义,但从句语序应用陈述句语序。如:

例5 Did you know the way to the hospital ? The old woman asked me .

The old woman asked me .if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital .老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。

3、if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时,从句用任一种时态;主句为一般过去时,从句则用过去时中的`任一种时态。如:

例6 I don’t know if (whether) he has come here . 我不知道他是否来过这儿。

例7 Tom asked if (whether) I had read the book . 汤姆问我是否看过这本书 。

四、if和whether的区别:

1、在动词不定式之前只能用whether 。如:

例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。

2、在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:

例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。

3、在介词后,只能用whether。如:

例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。

4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether 。如:

例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。

5、用if会引起歧义时,只用whether。如:

例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?

这句话有两种意思:“你能告诉我是否知道答案吗?”或“如果你知道答案,请告诉我,好吗?”。如用whether可避免歧义。

宾语从句用法总结 第5篇

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。宾语从句过“三关”:时态、语序、连词

一。宾语从句的定义

置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。

二。宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:

连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if

代词:who, whose, what ,which

副词:when ,where, how, why 等。

(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)

可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:

say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.

注意事项:当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。

例句:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.

在以下情况中that不能省略

当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。

例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.

当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。

例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.

当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。

例句:I can’t tell him that his mother died.

注意事项:许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it作形式宾语。

例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

(二)由whether,if 引导的宾语从句

由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。

例句:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.

只能用whether,不能用if引导的宾语从句

在带to的不定式前

例句:We decided whether to walk there.

在介词的后面

例句:I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.

在动词后面的宾语从句时

例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week

直接与or not连用时

例句:I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.

只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句

if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”

例句:The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.

if引导否定概念的宾语从句时

例句:He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.

引导状语从句even if(即使)和as if(好象)时

例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.

(三)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句

这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

英语中的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。

例句:Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?

英语中的连接副词有:when,where,why,how,在句中担任状语的成分。

例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

三。宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。例句如下:

I don’t know what they are looking for.

Could you tell me when the train will leave?

Can you imagine what kind of man he is?

四。宾语从句的时态主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。

例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.

主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。

例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.

当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。

例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.

五。宾语从句的特点宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。

宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。

连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略。

whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句,但 whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。

如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it.